Impetigo
Of the three 
Another OTC option that should only be employed as a proxy is bacitracin. This ointment can only handle very mild wounds in terms of infection prevention.
Bacitracin for impetigo, as it’s one of the ingredients of the Neosporin recipe, is also ineffective at fighting the seemingly indestructible infections of staph and/or strep.
The first signs of impetigo can often be misapprehended for other 
A more severe stage of impetigo known as ecthyma can be caused by staph, strep, or both. If bullous or nonbullous impetigo left unaddressed, they can sometimes develop into ecthyma. The 
Impetigo is benign and is fairly controllable and remediable. Milder impetigo can be treated by gently sanitizing the infected stretch and doffing the scabs. Prescriptions for antibiotic ointments like mupirocin (Bactroban) have proven advantageous. In more serious impetigo cases, your physician may prescribe oral antibiotics. These may include penicillin offshoots—namely flucloxacillin (floxacillin), or erythromycin if allergic to penicillin.
Once treatment's underway, impetigo becomes noncontagious after 48 hours. The rash should disappear within a couple days. Nevertheless, it’s of utmost importance to persevere through the total treatment cycle which can last for seven to 10 days.
There are approximately 30 strains of staph out there—Staphylococcus aureus causes impetigo in mankind, but Staphylococcus intermedius is responsible for canine impetigo and a myriad of other skin troubles.
In humans, the impetigo types are nonbullous, bullous, and ecthyma. It’s different for dogs, though. There are also three main types of canine impetigo, but they’re called surface pyoderma, superficial bacterial folliculitis, and deep pyoderma, all with varying levels of severity.
Dogs both old and young can acquire impetigo by simply having a traumatized bit of skin that’s been broken open ever so slightly. It’s in these cracks that the overzealous staph pathogen gains entry to their system. Dogs will not contract impetigo from other pups, and it’s of very low probability that it’s passed between humans and mutts.
The occurrence of - Pimples, red bumps, or acne in rash configuration
- Accelerated loss of hair
- A sudden drop in weight
- Inflamed, blotchy areas of skin
- Scaly, crusty sores
- Blisters full of fluid or pus
- Depressive behaviors
Does it Itch for Dogs?
Nonstop scratching is one of the telltale signs of impetigo. Of course, there are many reasons for a dog to be scratching—fleas, ticks, contact dermatitis, allergies (seasonal, environmental, or nutritional), mites, et cetera—so do investigate the source of their itchiness.
Impetigo is characteristically itchy, for any being that it attacks. If your dog is excessively scratching or even biting and licking their impetigo, it might be time for the cone of shame. Unfortunately, such behavior can induce spreading of the infection.
Impetigo Treatment for Dogs
While impetigo can recede on its own accord after it has run its course, treating it upon initial discovery diminishes the opportunity for future complications. Pay a visit to your veterinarian whenever you’re suspicious of sickness. [RELATED] Normal impetigo treatment for dogs usually includes a shampooing regimen. The antibacterial medicated shampoo should contain chlorhexidine, benzoyl peroxide, or ethyl lactate (miconazole is unnecessary). Washing should be executed thrice weekly, at minimum, until the infection vanishes. If your dog’s skin is unresponsive to this treatment method, return to the vet for antibiotic therapy, either topical or systemic. Check on your pet’s overall condition routinely. Comb their hair and inspect the skin closely. Impetigo is not the only malady that can plague your babe.Article References:
- https://www.akc.org/expert-advice/health/common-canine-diseases/
- https://pets.webmd.com/dogs/ss/slideshow-skin-problems-in-dogs
- https://www.petmd.com/dog/general-health/evr_dg_skin_problems
- https://veterinary-practice.com/article/canine-impetigo-in-puppies
- https://wagwalking.com/condition/puppy-impetigo
- https://www.petmd.com/dog/slideshows/care/reasons-for-dog-scratching-himself
What Causes Impetigo in Adults?
t’s precisely the same two pathogenic bacteria that make impetigo an issue in children are what causes impetigo in adults—staph and strep. Both of these harmlessly live and thrive everywhere on the epidermis, or more specifically, the stratum corneum. [RELATED] Stratum Corneum: The most outward skin layer that’s made up of all the dead cells that have yet to shed and serves as a protective barrier against bacteria like staph and strep (keratinocytes). This layer also supports the containment of moisture. Gazing upon a mirror at your bare body, it’s both the epidermis and the stratum corneum that you’ll see staring back. Aging stratum corneum is responsible for the dry, flaky, scaly appearance in older people. Infectious problems arise where the skin is broken apart (even the minutest graze) and the pathogens are able to sneak inside, gaining entry to the world beneath your sheathing.Impetigo Variations
There are typically only two types of impetigo that garner notoriety, however, there is a third which should be talked about too. All three kinds of impetigo can either be impetigo staph (Staphylococcus aureus) or strep impetigo (Streptococcal aureus).Non Bullous Impetigo
This kind of impetigo is the most seen in pediatric patients. Non bullous impetigo was originally referred to as impetigo contagiosa, but that moniker has since become antiquated.
Starting out as a singular reddish papule that rapidly transforms into a vacuole or vesicle. After the vesicles pop, the oozing innards become encrusted, and the color changes from red to honey and pruritus ensues.
Bullous Impetigo
Bullous impetigo is classically categorized as presenting with blisters in formation. These raised, pustular sacs have defined edges and hyperemia and erythema don’t usually develop around the lumps. They enlarge fast and are prone to breakage, as the covering is thin and its integrity is easily compromised. When explosion occurs, a yellowy liquid oozes out, subsequently crusting or scabbing over.Ecthyma Impetigo
Of the impetigo categories, ecthyma is the only one that leaves everlasting scars in its wake. The ulcerative pyoderma is considered the “deepest” version of impetigo. Because of its depth in the integumentary system and dermis, this penetrative and invasive impetigo is very painful for the patient.Identifying Impetigo
Symptoms and signs of impetigo in adults and onset can be broken down into two main categories—blistering and non.
With blistering impetigo, itty bitty blisters abruptly appear on miscellaneous parts of the body—be them facial macules (most common), or on the torso or extremities. These pustules are often without pain, though general dread, feelings of unwellness, and aches may coincide with the infection’s manifestation. These blisters will be less than an inch in total diameter and are delicate, spontaneously bursting in a moment’s notice.
Non-blistering impetigo, on the other hand, presents more like zits instead of papules. These smallish pimples are crimson red like a Macintosh apple—but not for long. Soon after they reveal themselves, they too will burst and dribble with an amber fluid that quickly hardens and crusts over. This version is very apparent on the face and on regions of the skin where there’s been recent trauma. Most grown sufferers of non-blistering impetigo report overwhelming itchiness and weakness. The lymph nodes sometimes protrude as they become swollen.
Impetigo can be mixed up with many other skin conditions, so seeing a healthcare professional is suggested to ensure a legitimate verdict.
[RELATED]
Irrespective of the prognosis, avoid neurotic excoriations as this can promote the rapid spreading of bacteria and infectious pathogens. Seek a medical opinion ASAP to begin treatment, and once an antibiotic therapy has been instituted, you can count on the pruritic sensations to cease.
If left untreated, most instances of impetigo will subside without consequence or sequelae. However, due to impetigo’s incredibly infectious nature, promptly starting a course of antibiotics (topicals or orals) is the safest bet.
Indeed, certain strains of the affliction are unresponsive to antibiotic treatments, such as MRSA. Mild cases of this can be treated in an outpatient setting, but it should be attended to with haste.
Effective Prevention Methods
If your child brings back an impetigo rash from daycare, impetigo in adults can still be prevented by maintaining a few practices associated with a hygienic lifestyle.- Thoroughly clean and completely cover any open skin lacerations on all household members.
- Don’t lend or divvy up any linen or clothes amongst eachother.
- Wash the infected child’s clothing in hot water and strong detergent daily.
- When applying topical ointments to their impetigo ulcers, always wear disposable latex (or equivalent) gloves.
- Make perfectly sure your kid isn’t picking at or scratching at their impetigo sores—this fosters infection spreading.
Article References:
- https://www.uptodate.com/contents/impetigo
- https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/965254-overview
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15559440
- https://www.health.ny.gov/diseases/communicable/athletic_skin_infections/bacterial.htm
- https://www.skinsight.com/skin-conditions/adult/impetigo
- https://icd.codes/icd10cm/L010
- https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0315/p859.html
What Causes Impetigo?
The ugly condition emerges from one of two bacteria—either Staphylococcus aureus (colloquially, staph) and/or the infamous Streptococcus pyogenes (strep). Most people will transport these pathogens around with them without even knowing. It is only when they get a graze, small cut, a piercing bug bite, or a poison ivy reaction when the opportunistic bacteria produces an infection resulting in impetigo. This further explains why the condition is seen in youngsters as they’re more prone to scrapes and gashes. Toxins are produced that force the upper skin surface to break apart, forming yucky blisters. [RELATED] Staph and strep travel back and forth between people through bodily contact. Not just obvious, physical touching of the infected blister. Even inanimate items will transfer these infections—clothes, bath or beach towels, bed dressings, and even toys.Impetigo on the Face
Impetigo frequents the face most often. It’s also the place where it is most noticeable. It can appear downright disgusting and in certain instances, may provoke itching sensations. The main areas where impetigo can materialize on the face include:Impetigo on the Chin
Cherry dots speckled on and around the chin and mouth commonly indicate impetigo. These lumps soon become blisters that explode and create a yellow crusty scab.
Impetigo on the chin is slightly itchy. Forbid your nails from scratching, as this promotes the spread of impetigo to the neck.
Impetigo on the Mouth
How often do you catch yourself putting a hand to your mouth? The answer is probably multitudinous throughout the day! This is how impetigo gets transferred to the region around and near the mouth. Touching your mouth allows the infection to spread at breakneck speed.Impetigo on the Lips
Ruby red or pink lip spots are often be mistaken for cold sores. It’s important the correct diagnosis is achieved, as treatment options for cold sores differ from those treating impetigo on the lips.Impetigo Around the Eye
Several eye problems stemming from bacterial infections can initiate impetigo. For example, eyelid cellulitis starts as swelling and redness of the adjacent area. If this converts to a staph bacterium infection, symptoms of impetigo will appear around the eye. As rubbing the eyes is an instinctive action, the infection can hastily wander.Impetigo on the Scalp
Impetigo rarely affects just one singular place. If you have it, dutifully check for symptoms all over. You may not see impetigo on the scalp when glancing in the mirror, but blisters, lesions, and sores can pop up beneath the hair.
Bacteria will stealthily slide into hair follicles, resulting in unfortunate impetigo. You may also feel symptoms where the hairline kisses the forehead.
Impetigo in the Nose
The inside of the nose is a proverbial haven for bacteria, including notorious staph and strep. The nasal cavities routinely foster impetigo. Symptoms will develop inside and under the nose.Impetigo of the Ear
Infections can transmit to anywhere there's broken skin—making the ear unsafe. Pinky spots, blisters, or crusty patches may show impetigo of the ear.Impetigo on the Neck
Staph impetigo often thrives in skin folds. Commonly found in newborns babies, impetigo on the neck develops in their neck folds. These are usually paired with impetigo symptoms in the diaper region.Symptoms of Impetigo
As we’ve seen, impetigo can present itself in many places near the skull and profile. Initial symptoms are clumps of reddish sores or tiny blisters. The patch can range from the size of a pea to a walnut. These tiny blisters swell quickly before bursting, leaving scaly, yellowish, brownish patches which resemble Kellogg’s cornflakes. Breakfast just got a lot tastier.
Sometimes, itchiness and pain may accompany symptoms. Once crusting disappears, the red marks left behind will fade with time.
Treatment of Impetigo
While a completely harmless (albeit transmissible) benign condition, Impetigo causes no lasting harm. Even so, it’s always best to seek medical advice on the best course of treatment. The cure for impetigo is typically antibiotics. Mupirocin (Bactroban) in cream or ointment form is highly effective in reducing symptoms and treating the infection. If the impetigo has spread, your doctor may recommend orally ingested antibiotics like Amoxicillin—ear drops for impetigo of the ear or a nasal spray for nose infections. [RELATED] Most importantly—stop impetigo in its tracks. Make your child stay home from school, especially for the first 48 hours when they’re most contagious.Preventing Future Impetigo
Crucially, hygiene is of utmost importance Impetigo Prevention 101. If one family member contracts impetigo, everyone must follow the same rigorous hygienic routine. Wash hands regularly with antibacterial soaps. Avoid sharing unwashed outfits, duvets, blankets, sheets, and towels. Keep the infected area covered. Maintaining a clean environment hinders impetigo from spreading to the whole household. Impetigo is both effectively manageable and treatable. If your child brings home nasty sores and scabs, they may have contracted impetigo. It’ll be uncomfortable for a while but their smooth, clear, babyish angelic features will return. Just remember to take immediate steps to prevent others from catching it.Article References:
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324132.php
- https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/how-treat-impetigo-and-control-common-skin-infection
- https://www.healthline.com/health/impetigo#symptoms
- https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-impetigo-treatment
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/impetigo/symptoms-causes/syc-20352352
- https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/impetigo
How Do You Get Impetigo in the First Place?
Two very abundant bacterial pathogens are responsible for impetigo—Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. These pathogens are normally occurring in the human microbiota, residing on the skin’s outermost layer, the epidermis. Infections eventuate when the bacterium finds it’s way inside, via any open gash or bloody wound. [RELATED] If staph or strep enters the system, an impetigo rash may emanate. However, staph and strep can cause an array of other ailments as well, depending on its manifestation. Strep can cause cellulitis, erysipelas, strep throat, and scarlet fever. Staph can launch Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, boils, and abscesses.Is It Painful?
Indeed, the impetigo rash can be quite painful. Additionally, it can be very difficult to suppress the urge to scratch the rashes and blisters, as impetigo is also sometimes very itchy. Impetigo is a predominantly uncomfortable condition to encounter and tolerate.Will It Leave a Scar?
If there’s any good news you’ll read in this article, it’s right here—impetigo rashes and their accompanying erupted blisters of pus will very rarely lead to lifelong scarring.
Unfortunately, of course, there’s a caveat! One less common type of impetigo called ecythma is deeply rooted and the scab left behind will almost always leave a scar after the infection subsides.
Is Impetigo Contagious?
Yes, impetigo is highly contagious and it will spread like wildfire—a continue spreading after much devastation and destruction. Contracting impetigo is as easy as coming into physical contact with the afflicted. It’s been nicknamed ‘school sores’ because it affects kids of schooling age, as well as their proximity to one another while in attendance. Like the chicken pox of decades agone, impetigo can disseminate across an entire classroom before the second quarter breaks for the winter Christmas holiday. The typical incubation period for staph impetigo is 4 to 10 days and only 1 to 3 days for strep.Define “Incubation Period”
In the medical community, the phrase “incubation period” refers to the amount of time it takes to become infected and display symptoms once exposed to the communicable agent.How Long Is Impetigo Contagious For?
Upon learning that you can contract impetigo in as little as 24 hours, it’s safe to wonder for exactly how long you or your child is posing a threat to other household members.
Primarily, if you suspect your son or daughter has impetigo, visit your doc. They’ll prescribe the right meds to relieve the infection. After just one diurnal cycle on the medicine, it’s impervious to enjoy the company of others—be it in the schoolyard or the football field, or just an innocent play date.
How Do You Treat Impetigo?
As mentioned, at the inaugural suspicion of impetigo, promptly obtain the next available appointment with a specialist. He or she will stipulate a strict antibiotic regimen to knock the infection out. Topical cures like Bactroban (mupirocin) is a popularly prescribed ointment for treating impetigo, as well as oral antibiotics with penicillin such as Augmentin, Amoxicillin, and Keflex. Should the cultures show signs of MRSA, which is resistant to some drugs, alternatives like Septra and Bactrim may be ordered instead. [RELATED] While visiting the doctor is the safest, surefire way of obtaining a conclusive diagnosis, if this isn’t your first rodeo and you’re positive you can clearly identify impetigo (perhaps one child passed it along to their brother or sister), the mild versions of it are relatively easy to manage at home. Just clean the affected area or areas and gently scrub or peel away the crusty scabs first, then apply an OTC antibacterial cream like Neosporin or Mycitracin.Protecting Yourself or Your Child Against Impetigo
Ghastly images in the media often are captioned with a detailed description of the vile skin condition. It’s enough to make you feel like you need a shower. So, rather than asking ‘how do you get impetigo?’ it would behoove you to pose the inquiry of ‘how do you prevent impetigo?’ instead.
Even though it’s no big deal, an impetigo diagnosis isn’t a wonderful circumstance either. Why endure the horrendous bulbous sores (or allow your babe to suffer) and deal with impetigo treatment when you can dodge the painful skin ulcers altogether? Here are some tips:
- If your child’s school has an impetigo outbreak, just keep him or her home until it passes.
- If someone in the house has it, don’t touch them under any circumstances whatsoever.
- Adhere to the highest standards or personal hygiene by showering routinely and thoroughly.
- Keep any scrapes, cuts, or wounds covered and bandaged exhaustively.
Bonus: How Do You Pronounce Impetigo?
Pronouncing the word correctly should stand as the least of anyone’s concerns, however, we’re here to correct everyone that insists on uttering “EM peht ago.” To avoid embarrassment the next time you’re waxing on about your offspring’s disease, be sure to say “ihm PUH TYE goh.”Article References:
- https://medlineplus.gov/impetigo.html
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441868/
- https://www.medicinejournal.co.uk/article/S1357-3039(06)00189-7/abstract
- https://www.niaid.nih.gov/diseases-conditions/group-strep-types
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/staph-infections/symptoms-causes/syc-20356221
- https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/impetigo-school-sores
- https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/impetigo.html
- https://www.medicinenet.com/impetigo/article.htm#how_do_health_care_professionals_diagnose_impetigo
What Is Impetigo?
Formerly termed ‘impetigo contagiosum,’ this bacterial infection of the skin’s name has since been shortened to just ‘impetigo.’ Don’t let your tongue slip you up—the correct pronunciation yields a format of quadruple syllables, and according to Merriam Webster, sounds like this: im-pə-ˈtē-(ˌ)gō. Or, for those who don’t read in phonetic symbols—im PUH TYE go (emphasis on the capitalized letters). [RELATED] The meaning lies in the etymology of the designation, which originated in the 14th century (Middle English). The word is derived from the Latin term for ‘to attack’ (impetere) and can be linked to ‘impetus.’ The modern impetigo definition is as follows: a highly contagious disease affecting the skin (of children in particular), typically characterized by yellowish, crusty, scabby sores on the face that develop post pustular eruption. The 2010 version of the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD 10) is L01.0 and is further subclassified in a range from L01.00 (unspecified) to L01.09 (other), then to L01.1, which is the impetiginization of alternative skin diseases (dermatoses). Note, these codes exclude impetigo herpetiformis.What Are the First Signs of Impetigo?
The initial signs of impetigo include what is oft confused for a rash. The papules typically appear on the face, around the nasal area and the lips. The first signs are synonymous with its appearance, so we’ll painstakingly describe how impetigo exhibits itself to the naked eye after the jump. The aforementioned pustules bear the hallmarks of blisters, and once they burst, hideous scabs form. While impetigo usually plagues the face, other areas of the body can pick up on the disease as well. Similarly, impetigo mostly affects babies and children, but teenagers and adults have been reported to acquire it too.What Does it Look Like?
There are three forms of impetigo, all with slightly varying appearances. Nonbullous Impetigo begins with reddish marks that grow into blisters of the same color. These blisters will be one or two centimeters around and typically pop up in groups. After they inevitably rupture, the sore crusts over and will imitate the color of honey and the surrounding skin will look raw like uncooked meat. [RELATED] Bullous Impetigo presents bullae (large blisters). The bullae become filled with fluid that’s transparent at first, turning cloudier over time. Once these bullae break, a similar yellowy crust forms like the above type. Ecthyma Impetigo has roots much deeper in the skin than the previously mentioned variations. Therefore, the blisters that grow are usually significantly larger—up to three centimeters in diameter. The crust is also thicker, and the nearby skin will take on a purplish hue.Impetigo Symptoms
What all three types share is the level of contagiousness. Impetigo is easily passed on from person to person via direct contact or by sharing linens or clothes. The same format of transmission applies to the patient as well—they can spread the rash to various body parts by touching the sores and contacting an unscathed region. The blistery, oozing lesions are the most common complaint from impetigo patients. These sores are not only unattractive but can be insanely itchy and even painful.Rare, Uncommon Impetigo Symptoms
In rarer cases, an impetigo outbreak is accompanied by swollen lymph nodes and/or a fever. In even more rare instances, post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis can develop in the kidneys.Common Impetigo Causes
Earlier we discussed the different kinds of impetigo, these all obviously develop as a result of different strains of bacteria. The main impetigo causes are staph (Staphylococcus aureus) and/or strep (Streptococcus pyogenes). [RELATED] These bacteria are more likely to make their home inside the dermis when an existing wound is exposed, and warm, humid weather provides an excellent breeding ground for such transmissions. With an open cut, keep it clean and covered to prevent anything nasty from making its way inside.Take Care
Upon initial sighting of impetigo in yourself or your baby, don’t hesitate to seek treatment advice from a dermatologist, pediatrician or general practitioner. Topical ointments, antibiotics, and even homeopathic, natural remedies are readily available at your fingertips to halt impetigo in its tracks and prevent spreading amongst family members and peers. Document the progression of treatment by snapping pictures should any unforeseen complications arise and an alternative course of action needs to be put in place.Article References:
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/impetigo/symptoms-causes/syc-20352352
- https://w.medicinenet.com/impetigo/article.htm
- https://www.healthline.com/health/impetigo
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/162945.php
- https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/contagious-skin-diseases/impetigo
- https://medlineplus.gov/impetigo.html
Signs & Symptoms of Impetigo in a Newborn
Impetigo arrives from bacteria that is living on every person's skin. It only becomes problematic when the immune system is compromised either by age, illness, or injury. For newborns, their systems haven't adequately developed to fight off environmental bacteria. That is why impetigo in a newborn is significantly more explosive than in an older child or adult. [RELATED] If your baby displays any of the following symptoms, go to the doctor:- Red skin rash
- Blisters filled with fluid
- Crusty scabs the color of honey or gold
- Mild. A small patch of lesions. Child feels fine otherwise.
- Moderate. More than 10 open sores. Infection has scattered to multiple body parts.
- Severe. Abundance of blisters. Child displays a fever, chills, diarrhea, and/or fatigue.
Complications of Impetigo in Pregnancy
Entering pregnancy means having to follow a new set of rules you never judged before. People start serving up overwhelming amounts of advice. They tell you to give up alcohol, caffeine, sushi, and cleaning the litter box (maybe that one's not so bad). But do you have to take special precautions against infectious diseases? What about impetigo during pregnancy?
Since the bacteria that causes the infection is already inhabiting your skin as we speak, if you are otherwise healthy during the gestation period you needn't worry about contracting impetigo or passing it along to the fetus. Even if you do find yourself with an outbreak of blisters, the infection stays localized to the skin. The baby won't be able to contract it from you.
Pregnant women are advised to avoid taking antibiotics while their child is developing its own immunities, but topical antibacterial creams shouldn't cause complications if needed for a skin reaction.
What is Impetigo Herpetiformis?
In your pregnancy bootcamp training you may have heard some weird things come up. Among those is a rare condition called impetigo herpetiformis. Differing from traditional impetigo, this condition is actually similar to pustular psoriasis, but is triggered by pregnancy. In the third trimester, afflicted women may see clusters of blisters filled with pus on their trunk and lower extremities. Usually sores are contained to these areas, but have been known to latch onto mucous membranes in the mouth and nose. The medical community isn't quite sure why this condition decides to rear its head during the last trimester. Women with hypothyroidism are at a higher risk for developing impetigo herpetiformis as their autoimmune disorder causes blood levels of calcium and albumin to drop. Side-effects, outside of the bumpy rash, are fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and fatigue. If you discover this style of rash on your body and you are pregnant, it is critical to seek out treatment from your OBGYN. The illness does come with an increased risk of stillbirth. Standard protocol is a regiment of prednisone.How to Prevent Impetigo
Being militant about hygiene practices is the eidolon tactic to halt the spread of infectious diseases. The prevailing way to transmit the infection is by person-to-person contact, so ultimately washing your hands is the best defense in how to prevent impetigo.
The bacteria can live on surfaces for a short period of time, so sanitize shared items like:
- Clothing
- Bedding
- Toys
- Household surfaces (countertops, bathroom vanities, toilet seats, etc)
Prevent Blisters from Being Contagious
Let's dive into the worst case scenario: your children have a flare-up of those yellow blisters. Here is the best decorum to observe:- Keep them home. Sending them into the world will disperse the infection into the population. No daycare, school, sports, or church until they have been on antibiotics for at least 24 hours.
- Cover them up. The greatest risk of contagion comes from direct contact with the open blisters. Apply bandages to open sores. Dress the kids in long sleeves or pants to hide the rash. This can discourage scratching too.
Article References:
- https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-impetigo-basics
- https://www.skinsight.com/skin-conditions/infant/impetigo
- https://www.netdoctor.co.uk/ask-the-expert/babies-children/a10071/should-my-pregnant-wife-be-concerned-about-being-in-close-contact-with-children-who-have-impetigo/
- https://www.verywellfamily.com/impetigo-herpetiformis-1068860
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3875976/
- https://kidshealth.org/en/kids/impetigo.html
How to Treat Impetigo
Tackling impetigo operates best if you use a two-pronged approach: 1) doctor prescribed antibiotics and 2) supplementing home treatment. [RELATED] A pediatrician will typically prescribe a topical prescription strength antibiotic to kill off the infection. In extreme cases, an oral antibiotic can be administered. How to treat impetigo symptoms like itching and pain is with natural cures.Home Remedies for Impetigo
Hygiene habits rank at the top of DIY treatments for skin infections. There are tonics, oils, and ointments you can utilize and we will get into that later in this piece. For now, the first thing you should do is implement these home remedies for impetigo that start with cleanliness:
Wash hands. Repeat, wash hands. Hand-to-hand contact is the main distributor of the contagion among people. After every activity, wash your child's hands and teach them how to get under their fingernails (especially if they have been scratching).
Warm baths. A nice, warm bath feels like a luxury spa treatment, but works like a medicinal approach. It softens skin to reduce itchiness and inflammation. You can infuse the water with a number of elements to help moisturize, sanitize, and improve skin condition. During an outbreak, bathe children at least once a day. Moisturize following bathing to prevent flakiness.
How to Cure Impetigo with Natural Treatment
Standard instances of impetigo will often resolve themselves naturally, so many parents prefer to avoid exposing their child to antibiotics unless it is completely necessary. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria is a growing public health issue. Over 2 million people in the US are infected with microbes that have evolved to survive antibiotics. As many as 23,000 die each year from those infections. Choosing to forgo antibiotic medicines and address impetigo with natural treatment is a socially conscious decision. You can learn how to cure many things without contributing to a global epidemic.Natural Remedies for Impetigo You Can Make in Your Kitchen
One of our best resources for healing is substances from our very own cabinets. You can whip up these natural remedies for impetigo in a few minutes.
Apple cider vinegar mixed with olive oil. Dip a cotton ball into this concoction and wipe scabbed sores. The oil softens the crusty skin while the vinegar's acid kills germs and clarifies skin.
Garlic. This bulbous root is a magical gift from the Earth. It is antibacterial, antifungal, and full of antioxidants. To activate the cloves, crush into a paste. You can apply directly to wounds or ingest.
Turnips. Turnip is an excellent source of beta-carotene which is a building block for the immune system to create membranes and fight infection.
Honey. Bees have provided humans with life-saving honey for centuries. Due to scientific advancements, we can now support historical claims of honey's antibacterial properties. Studies have shown honey's success in battling Staphylococcus and Streptococcus bacteria, the two strains that cause impetigo.
Turmeric. This colorful herb is a staple in Indian and other Asian cooking. It is what gives yellow curry its golden hue. It is also a fantastic anti-inflammatory supplement. When paired against other herbs in a research study, turmeric performed the best in killing the microbes that cause impetigo.
Impetigo Cream to Soothe Itching
Scratching impetigo sores contributes to the spread of the disease. The breakouts can be incredibly itchy, so to resist the urge, apply an impetigo cream to soothe itching. Some antibiotic or antibacterial creams will have anti-itch ingredients included. Alternatively, you can apply a cortisone ointment. [RELATED] These are available in OTC creams from a wide variety of brands and generics. Just be careful not to use hydrocortisone for more than two weeks at a time because it can thin skin and make it vulnerable to further lesions.Essential Oils for Impetigo
Concentrated potions from natural elements have proven useful to humans for all of history. Essential oils for impetigo is a great secondary line of treatment to soothe the signs and symptoms, while your body heals or the medication kicks in. Tea Tree Oil. This powerful oil is derived from the melaleuca alternifolio tree, native to Australia. It does wonders for the skin as an astringent, antiseptic, and antibacterial. Apply diluted with a carrier oil like almond or coconut oil as it is too strong for direct application. Grapefruit Seed Oil. Naturally antibacterial, grapefruit seed oil has proven effective against multiple skin infections. Peppermint Oil. Peppermint oil is effective for minimizing pain and inflammation in the skin. The cooling feeling of applying it topically can be soothing to heated or swollen body parts.Article References:
- https://medlineplus.gov/magazine/issues/winter18/articles/winter18pg8-11.html
- https://mediushealth.org/dictionary/impetigo/
- https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/11-proven-health-benefits-of-garlic#section7
- https://www.stylecraze.com/articles/benefits-of-turnips-for-skin-hair-and-health/#gref
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3764667/
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1995764512601412
- https://www.healthline.com/health/home-remedies-for-impetigo#home-remedies
Spreading Impetigo on Hands
Our hands are the first place we experience the world. We are constantly interacting with objects and other people, hands first. With this mindset, it is simple to extrapolate why impetigo on the hands is so common. Contagions spread through physical contact. As much as 80% of disease is transmitted via human hands, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. [RELATED] The CDC promotes vigorous hand washing habits as the optimal way to thwart spreading infectious diseases. Through handwashing educational programs in communities, activists were able to accomplish these impressive health improvements:- Cut the number of people with diarrhea by 23% to 40%
- Reduced diarrhea episodes in people with weakened immune systems by 58%
- Shrank respiratory illness by sixteen to twenty-one percent.
- Lowered school absences from gastrointestinal problems by 29% to 57%
Causes of Impetigo on Fingers
Impetigo emerges in two basic ways:- Through a break in the skin
- Through direct contact with an infected person
A person with a healthy, intact epidermis can live with impetigo on fingers or other appendages and never experience an outbreak. It is when the immune system is compromised that the bacteria wreaks havoc. That's why infants and children are vulnerable to infection versus a mature adult.
If the sores present themselves on the fingers, a hangnail or paper cut is one of the probable causes.
Symptoms of Impetigo Armpit
The armpits can be a valley of annoying bumps and sores, so how can you be sure what you are witnessing? Symptoms of impetigo armpit include, according to the US National Library of Medicine:- Red, blister sores
- Sores filled with yellow pus
- Sores that burst within a few days and form a golden crust
- Itchiness
- Ingrown Hairs
- Lipomas (firm fatty deposits)
- Fibroadenoma (noncancerous breast lump)
- Fungal Infections
Pictures Impetigo on Arm
Similar to the hands, our arms are constantly exposed to the elements. Candidates at risk for impetigo on the arm include people with recent outbreaks of poison ivy or sumac and injuries that have left open sores. The following pictures are examples to help you identify your own or your child's skin issues:Impetigo on Legs and Feet
This disease targets the face, mouth, nose, and hands the most often, but can spread to legs and feet if left untreated or directly exposed in those locations. Bullous impetigo is a more severe strain caused specifically by the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The sores are deeper, larger, and more likely to appear as impetigo on legs. Foodsafety.gov reports that the microbe exists on up to 25 percent of healthy humans and can live in the mouth and throat of livestock. Food poisoning can pop up within 1-6 hours of injecting food contaminated by someone with an impetigo outbreak. The bacteria can be killed with cooking and pasteurization, so it is always important to thoroughly cook meat products and clean food surfaces.Is Impetigo on the Back Contagious?
A valid question to have is whether or not the dissemination of the disease can happen if the blisters are on a part of the body that can be covered. For example, is impetigo on the back contagious?
Athletes, in particular wrestlers, know how easy it is to pick up bacterial infections just from using the same mat or equipment as an infected person. Even if the sores are only present in unseen spots, you must practice caution to minimize the dispersion of sickness. Wear gloves, launder clothing and bedding, and wipe down any shared devices with an antibacterial spray to be safer.
Cure for Impetigo on Buttocks
Many parents are introduced to the plague of impetigo in their baby's diaper. The irritation and moist environment are super inviting to this skin-dwelling disease. [RELATED] The cure for impetigo on the buttocks involves a few steps:- An antibiotic ointment applied topically
- A practice of maintaining a dry diaper
- Implementing medicated powder to soak up wetness and reduce inflammation
Is That Impetigo on the Genitals?
Spotting impetigo on the butt is a forewarning that you may see it migrate to the penis or vagina. Anything in the diaper or genital area is vulnerable once a flare-up occurs. Treatment for impetigo on the genitals is identical to other places, but the pain and itching is magnified in such a sensitive area. You may want to add in an anti-itch steroidal cream to help resist the urge to scratch. Scratching intensifies the propagation of the infection by growing the openings in the skin for germs to pass through. Sexually active adults that find an open sore on their genitals should make a clinic appointment for tests. Grownups are less likely to be effective by impetigo and the lump is more likely to be something like:- An ingrown hair
- Acne
- Herpes Virus
- Genital warts or HPV.
Article References:
- https://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/singapore/bacteria-living-on-your-hands-10067062
- https://www.cdc.gov/handwashing/why-handwashing.html
- https://medlineplus.gov/impetigo.html
- https://www.healthline.com/health/armpit-lump#causes
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lipoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20374470
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/fibroadenoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20352752
- https://www.foodsafety.gov/poisoning/causes/bacteriaviruses/staphylococcus/index.html
Signs of Impetigo in Infants
The tell-tale signals are pretty clear with this infectious disease. While there are multiple viruses that create sores, signs of impetigo in infants are more explicit. Sores are prone to flare-ups around the mouth, nose, hands, and feet. The blisters will pop and form golden crusts that are distinct to impetigo (versus chicken pox for example). [RELATED] The spots are not characteristically painful, but they can be tender to the touch. The blisters can become itchy and irritated. The healing stage is particularly itchy. Ecthyma is a cruel form of impetigo that forms deep ulcers, earning it the nickname "deep impetigo." People with debilitated immune systems are at extraordinary risk, which is why young humans are a target.Causes of Impetigo in Toddlers
An outbreak of impetigo ordinarily occurs after an unrelated infection or injury breaks the skin. It's common to befall ill with impetigo following a bout with poison ivy, eczema, bug bites, or cuts. Causes of impetigo in toddlers are the staphylococcus or streptococcus bacteria that survives on the skin harmlessly until an opening invites it in.
Individuals at higher risk for infection include diabetics, autoimmune disease sufferers, and those in unmediated contact with already diagnosed cases.
Incubation Period for Impetigo in a Baby
One of the worst characteristics of this skin condition is how quickly it spread. It is a high contagion disease that needs to be closely monitored or it can instantly spread among a daycare or school. The incubation period for impetigo in a baby is 1 to 3 days for the staphylococcus bacteria and 4 to 10 days for streptococcus. Children will remain contagious until at least twenty-four hours after the primary dose of antibiotics.Cure for Impetigo in Kids
The first action is a visit to the doctor. Once you have a decent diagnosis, the physician will start a sequence of antibiotics to curb the infection. For a total cure for impetigo in kids, the oral pills are often joined with topical treatments like retapamulin, mupirocin, and fusidic acid. Ointments are recommended for administration for approximately 7 to 10 days and beyond if symptoms persist. Scratching spreads the infection across the body and extends healing time. Getting infected skin under the nails is a fast track to sharing the disease with others too. You can harness the power of cortisone to ease itchiness. Monitor your child to minimize scratches as much as possible. Covering the outbreak with gauze or a bandage can serve as a barrier. Alternatively, putting socks or mittens over those fingernails is a solution that is as silly as it is adorable.Impetigo Prevention Technique
The basis of precluding this infection is to practice proper hygiene and first aid. Any time a child gets a cut or scrape, wash it immediately (and regularly after that) with antibacterial soap. This will prevent the existing bacteria on the skin's surface from the penetration of the open wound. Wear gloves when interacting with the infected child to avoid contracting the condition yourself.
Impetigo prevention techniques can obstruct disease spread. Try:
- Always wash hands and skin
- Cover sores with light gauze
- Launder infected person's clothing and bedding
- Isolate infected child until antibiotics have a chance to kick in
- Kidney damage. The organs are sensitive to impetigo bacteria.
- Cellulitis. While impetigo hangs out on the skin's surface, cellulitis digs into the deeper layers. It can migrate throughout the blood and lymph nodes, even becoming life-threatening.
- Scarring. Scratching and picking at sores can lead to scar tissue.
When is it Diaper Rash and Not Impetigo?
In a less familiar strain, called bullous impetigo, babies will experience blisters on the trunk of their body including the buttocks and nappy area. Diaper rash can seem similar, so we felt it important to outline the distinctions. [RELATED] Both appear in children under the age of 2 years old most frequently, but diaper rash happens in incontinent or paralyzed that require adult diapers. Diaper rash is predominantly just red, irritated skin with no defining marks. With impetigo, there are clear clusters of fluid-filled blisters. Diaper rash can be caused by friction, yeast overgrowth, and prolonged feces and urine exposure. Impetigo comes only from two strains of bacteria. It is possible to be afflicted with impetigo and diaper rash simultaneously. If you have any suspicion that your baby's diaper rash is more than a slight irritation, call your doctor.Article References:
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/impetigo/symptoms-causes/syc-20352352
- https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000864.htm
- https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/impetigo.html
- https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/impetigo-school-sores
- https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/dermatologic-disorders/bacterial-skin-infections/impetigo-and-ecthyma
- https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1115/p1537.html
- https://www.webmd.com/drugs/2/drug-6180/mupirocin-topical/details
- https://www.echo.co.uk/blog/fusidic-acid-uses-benefits-side-effects
- https://medicalpoint.org/bullous-impetigo/
Doctor Prescribed Impetigo Medicine
The go-to treatment plan for impetigo is topical antibiotics. The infection lives mostly in the epidermis so direct application is effective and sufficient. [RELATED] Popular impetigo medicine includes: With the use of creams and ointments, sufferers can expect to see the condition clear up in 7 to 10 days.Oral Antibiotics for Impetigo
If the creams don't clear the condition up or the infection has progressed to severe levels, your physician may suggest oral antibiotics for impetigo. The medications could be paired together in a treatment plan or implemented one at a time for a comprehensive cure. Check with your GM before using both topical and oral versions simultaneously. Too many antibiotics at once could cause digestive distress or expose the victim to additional infections.
Common oral antibiotics scripted for impetigo include:
- Amoxicillin or Clavulanate
- Dicloxacillin
- Doxycycline
- Cephalexin
- Minocycline
- Macrolide
- Clindamyci
- Ttrimethoprim or Sulfamethoxazole
Impetigo Treatment Over the Counter
Since the disease is skin related with low risk of being fatal, it is acceptable to attempt self-administered treatments. Plenty of impetigo treatment is available over the counter. Part of the OTC strategy is to take care of the body's overall health. At its core, impetigo is an autoimmune disorder that strikes when the body has its defenses down. Anything you can do to boost the strength of your immune system can speed up the healing process. Try some of these tips: Rest. Relaxation and sleep are the most important things you can do for your health. Vitamin D. This nutrient is vital to the production of antimicrobial peptides for the skin's surface. Deficiency can lead to increased vulnerability to bacterial skin infections like impetigo. Production is spiked in the body by UV light exposure from the sun. You can also supplement with oral pills, but it is difficult to absorb this way.
Probiotics. Science is beginning to understand the human body's microbiome more with each passing year. In some cases, the issue may be a lack of beneficial bacteria instead of an overgrowth of harmful microbe. Lactobacillus bacteria, the kind found in yogurt, is displaying promising results in clinical trials for balancing bacteria on the skin and accelerating open wound healing. In one study, pediatric burn victims with a median age of 7 were administered a probiotic or a placebo tablet. The wounds of the patients that received the probiotic healed measurably faster than the control group. As more trials are performed, we could see the medical community shifting away from antibiotics, that birth antibiotic resistance superbugs, towards probiotics which seek balance instead of the annihilation of all microbes.
Ointment for Impetigo Blister
The oozing bumps of a skin condition are the worst part of the sickness. The spots become itchy, weepy, and gross. Friction from clothing, diapers, or shoes can intensify the pain and delay the healing process. A great ointment for an impetigo blister is either an antibacterial cream, as mentioned below, or a substance that will create a barrier between skin and potential irritants. Petroleum jelly, often recognized by the top-selling brand Vaseline, is a fantastic water-protective occlusive moisturizer. It forms a layer of soft protection while allowing the blisters to heal underneath. [RELATED] The salve is particularly effective for areas that bandages struggle to stick. A smear of the liniment on the heel of your foot, for example, could provide protection and lubrication for your blisters. A smudge around the mouth and nose works where a bandaid wouldn't.Impetigo Treatment Antibiotic Cream
Triple antibiotic ointments are your best bet for beating minor impetigo infections. It can be the first line of defense in your arsenal of OTC weaponry. Plus, you can buy it nearly anywhere from big box retailers to the corner drug stores. Leading brands of impetigo treatment cream, like Neosporin, include three types of antibiotic medicines: polymyxin, bacitracin, and neomycin. This triple-threat covers all your bases for germ eradication on open wounds. Some applications, like bacitracin, come solo in a tube instead of matched up with the other two components. We recommend applying this before smearing on any petroleum jelly, to avoid trapping germs beneath the surface and allowing them to fester.Article References:
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2501071
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18389088
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9990411
- https://www.lifeextension.com/Protocols/Skin-Nails-Hair/Skin-Disorders/Page-04
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318765.php
- https://www.healio.com/pediatrics/dermatology/news/print/infectious-diseases-in-children/%7B7c3c5d78-1dee-4c2e-8911-c3190345e2c7%7D/topical-products-used-for-the-treatment-of-common-skin-infections
Understanding Impetigo
As per the ICD-10-CM (international classification of diseases, tenth revision, and clinical modification), Impetigo is a contagious, superficial skin infection. The key instigators that trigger its emergence are the bacteria: streptococcus and staphylococcus. [RELATED] It’s worth noting that the condition is quite common in kiddos aged 2–5 years old. warm and humid environments are known to favor the development of the disease. Since it’s communicable, impetigo can quickly spread from one person to another, especially amongst kindred roommates. Given practically identical rash characteristics, impetigo is oft confused with ecthyma. The key difference disconnecting the dueling infections is that impetigo is more surface based than ecthyma.Types of Impetigo
Nonbullous impetigo: The most typical impetigo. During manifestation, it forms tiny red papules akin to insect bites. In a week’s time, they evolve into mini blisters, usually circa the face and the nose. notably, they may also form on the legs and arms.
bullous impetigo: The blisters from this condition are commonly located on the trunk and gluteus maximus. The darkish crust formed during development usually resolves with the passing of time.
Impetigo vs Cold Sore
Causes & symptoms
Impetigo prevails when microbial forms seep beyond the skin barrier thanks to sustained injuries. That said, there are some rare incidences where people acquire impetigo on intact skin. The bacteria are easily transmitted once contact is established with infected people and contaminated planes. During development, impetigo starts as vesicles which mature into bubbling blisters. Over time, the blisters rupture and give rise to a translucent yellowish fluid. Onwards, golden crusts emerge around the nostrils and mouth. On the other hand, cold sores emerge from the herpes simplex virus, also referred to as HSV-1. The virus makes its way into one’s immune system through skin breaks after direct contact with a disease-ridden person. A cold sore usually expresses itself through open sores giving rise to clear fluid. They may vex and painful once you decide to pop a handful. As you heal, you may notice scabs before clearing a successful recovery.Treatment
The only true way to treat impetigo is via antibiotics. Once on the drugs for about 3 days, you’re bound to start noticing improvements in your condition.
When dealing with cold sores, you need to be aware that herpes is caused by viral load. In effect, this makes it an incurable ailment. Still, well use of medicaments will improve symptoms—if left unperturbed, cold sores can linger for a month. However, treatment usually lowers the recovery period to several days.
Impetigo vs Ringworm
Impetigo is the most prevalent skin condition in toddlers. stunningly, ringworm is equally as popular. While not a beautiful sight, one aspect not apparent at first glance is that ringworm springs from a fungal infection, not from worms as the nickname would suggest and have hordes believing. The ringworm moniker came about after scientists noticed the rash develops in a neat discoidal ring formation. Children are the most likely victims of this condition because they stand higher odds of establishing direct contact with infected surfaces and people. [RELATED] During the earliest stages, impetigo forms petite red sores which progress into yellowish crusts. On the flip side, ringworms start with a reddish patch. The regions become faintly swollen. As time passes, the patches turn scratchy. To treat ringworms, you can visit your local pharmacy for some antifungal medication. They usually resolve impetigo with oral antibiotics.Impetigo vs Herpes Sores
There are nominal correlations betwixt cold sores and herpes. The main distinction is that herpes is noticeably genital or oral. Also, oral herpes arises because of HSV-1. strikingly, genital herpes emerges in nature because of HSV-2, a sexual disease. That’s not where the similarities finish. The sores from genital herpes are markedly similar to those of cold sores. Individually, they resemble a blister, and they're heinously excruciating once they’re broken open. Because both ailments take advantage of skin breaks for development, having one of these conditions puts you at risk of contracting the other. importantly, they share symptomatic symptoms like swollen lymph nodes and fever.Impetigo vs MRSA
Impetigo arises because of the S. aureus bacteria. In the off chance, impetigo can arise after one develops MRSA once the Staphylococcus aureus bacteria spreads.
MRSA is distinctly different when compared to other ailments. This is because the bacteria causing the condition have evolved into powerful microbes capable of skirting the effects of most antibiotics like cephalexin, amoxicillin, and penicillin.
Many people tend to ignore MRSA during the nascent stages since the lesions seem to appear to be insect bites. If not treated, the lesions quickly mature into abscesses. In most situations where MRSA is localized, the danger is minimized. It only becomes harmful if the infections become unshakeable.
Erysipelas vs Impetigo
Erysipelas is contamination that bears close resemblance to cellulitis. The significant characteristic trait that sets the two apart is that erysipelas happens near the surface of the skin. This particularity expresses the disease is highly infectious. [RELATED] When compared to impetigo, erysipelas infects the deeper skin tissues while impetigo is located superficially. amazingly, erysipelas can also affect animals. The inflamed redness from erysipelas is very distinct and likes to show up on the scalp and facial regions. The affected regions may be warm to the touch. Children and senior citizens are more susceptible to the Group A hemolytic streptococcus bacteria because their immune systems aren't powerful enough to repel microbial attacks. To treat erysipelas, you need to access competent antibiotics like penicillin for about a week. Similarly, impetigo is also treated using antibiotics which are typically administered orally. As a prevention measure, you must keep all developed wounds unsoiled and covered.Article References:
- https://www.webmd.com/skin-problems-and-treatments/understanding-cold-sores-treatment
- https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4248-herpes-simplex-virus-hsv
- https://www.icd10data.com/ICD10CM/Codes/L00-L99/L00-L08/L01-
- https://www.medicinenet.com/impetigo/article.htm#impetigo_facts
- https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1052445-overview
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